什麼是 CI CD?
CI CD 是指 Continuous Integration 和 Continuous Deployment 的總稱。意思是,當你的項目上傳到 Github,並且通過 CI,就可以自動地將你的項目部署到你的伺服器上。
如何做 CI CD?
因為部落格改用 Nextjs 改寫後,每次部署的流程其實就是 yarn build
和 yarn start
,在自己機器上 pull 最新的 code 然後包好最新的 build,再跑起來。現在就是打算把這段流程改成使用 Docker 和 Github Action。
如何做 Docker?
在機器上安裝 docker,並且執行 docker build -t xxx 指定自己的 tag,以下是我使用的 dockerfile
# Install dependencies only when needed
FROM node:16-alpine as Base
WORKDIR /app
COPY package.json yarn.lock ./
FROM base as build
RUN export NODE_ENV=production
RUN yarn
COPY . .
RUN yarn build
FROM base as prod-build
RUN yarn install --production
RUN cp -R node_modules prod_node_modules
FROM base as prod
COPY --from=prod-build /app/prod_node_modules /app/node_modules
COPY --from=build /app/.next /app/.next
COPY --from=build /app/public /app/public
EXPOSE 3000
CMD ["yarn", "start"]
build 完之後 push 到 docker hub 上,再用 Github Action 去做 deploy。
如何做 Github Action?
先分析到底有哪些動作
- Check out the repo
- Build and push Docker image
- 遠端登入到自己的機器
- pull Docker image and run it
將上敘述的動作寫成 Github Action,並且執行。
name: Publish Docker image
on:
push:
branches:
- main
jobs:
push_to_registry:
name: Push Docker image to Docker Hub
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Check out the repo
uses: actions/checkout@v2
- name: Login in to Docker Hub
uses: docker/login-action@f054a8b539a109f9f41c372932f1ae047eff08c9
with:
username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
- name: Extract metadata (tags, labels) for Docker
id: meta
uses: docker/metadata-action@98669ae865ea3cffbcbaa878cf57c20bbf1c6c38
with:
images: waiting7777/blog
- name: Build and push Docker image
uses: docker/build-push-action@ad44023a93711e3deb337508980b4b5e9bcdc5dc
with:
context: .
push: true
tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
- name: SSH Remote Commands
uses: appleboy/ssh-action@v0.1.4
with:
host: ${{ secrets.HOST }}
username: ${{ secrets.USERNAME }}
password: ${{ secrets.PASSWORD }}
script: |
docker kill $(docker ps -q)
docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
docker pull waiting7777/blog:main
docker run -d -t -p 80:3000 waiting7777/blog:main
如此遍能完成 CI CD。
心得
有了 docker 以後,build 網站終於不用管理環境,再搭配上 Github Action 就可以自動部署了。